composition of different german beers 1885

Want some numbers?

In the Meyers Konversationslexikon form 1885 there is a table in the entry on "Bier":

Zusammensetzung verschiedener Biere

source

abv, fg, og and apparent attenuation are estimated from the data, if you know how to calculate them more accurately please comment.

I hope these numbers are more reliable than the numbers in some other publications of the time which sometimes sound like "I bought some bottles and analyzed them, next time I should try to get fresh ones".
I like the wide range in Attenuation: in Munich you could get attenuations ranging  from 52 to 70%.
Sadly there is no data on Gose, at least some Berliner Weiße.



königliches Hofbräuhaus: Bockbier, Sommerbier, Weißbier, Weißes Bockbier (obergäriges Weizenbier)
Spatenbräu: Bock
Paulaner: Salvator
Löwenbräu: Winterbier
Weihenstephan: Export
Erlanger: von Niklas, von Scheele
Nürnberger: von Robby
Einbecker: Bockbier, Lagerbier
Dortmunder: Lagerbier, Aktienbier
Berliner: Patzenhofer, böhmisch Brauhaus, Schultheiß, Moabit, Tivoli
Dresdener Waldschlösschen: dunkles, lichtes, böhmisch, Export
Kulmbacher Export, dunkles, lichtes, Bockbier
Koburger
Schwechater: Lagerbier, Märzenbier, Exportbier
Pilsener bürgerl, Brauhaus: Lagerbier, Exportbier
Londoner: Barclay u, Perkins Porter
London Porter
Burton Ale
Scotch Ale
Brüsseler Lambik
Danziger Jopenbier
Braunschweiger Mumme
Bremer Seefahrtsbier
Potsdamer Weise, Stangen
Berliner Weiße, Export, Josty, Werdersches

Kufenbier, Erntebier, Märzbier

"Bier-Brauer" Weigel (1698) source

Reading old texts about brewing in northern germany one stumbles upon beers called "Märzbier", "Kufenbier", "Erntebier", "Sommerbier" or "obergäriges Lagerbier".

"Märzbier" (march beer): is brewed in march when the temperatures allow to brew a clean and durable top fermenting beer that keeps for months.

"Kufenbier": the beer was lagered in large wooden barrels called "Kufen".

"Erntebier" (harvest beer) and "Sommerbier" (summer beer): Summer and harvest time are busy and bad time for brewing if you have no efficient cooling device and cool fermentation cellar so you brew a strong and durable beer in spring and serve it in the summer or at harvest time.

"Erntebier" can also be a lower alcohol beer brewed fresh during the harvest time (for consumption at work).

"Erntebier" was also a name for the celebration when harvesting was finished.

All those terms describe top fermenting but lagered beers ("obergärige Lagerbiere").

It's a stronger version of an ordinary "braunbier".

"double the amount of malt  and triple the amount of hops". Braunbier with 1- 2 %vol. was made for prompt consumption. 

Knaus (1575) calls "Merze Bier" from Berlin and Magdeburg as a superior brew compared with the beers brewed in summer. During the hot season they had problems with chilling, fermentation temperatures, and cleanliness.

The Köstritzer "doppelbier" (before it was called english) can be assumed to be a "Obergäriges Lagerbier". If you want a great description how to brew it read Munz (1840) "Das Bierbrauen in allen seinen Zweigen".

But remember this type of beer is all about the process of lagering, it's no recipe. Every beer can potentially be a "lager beer" if it keeps its qualities (or improve) over a few months at cellar temps. On the other hand not every "Doppelbier" is also lagered.

Characteristics:

• top fermenting
• stronger in alcohol (5%+?)
• high bitterness
• amber to brown in color
• continental Hops
• stored at cellar temps for at least 8 weeks.

Eventualities:

• relatively cold and slow fermentation (more neutral flavor)
• Wheatmalt (Märzen-weisse), or other cereals or refined beet sugar or honey (farmhouse Erntebier...)
• lagering characteristics (aged flavors, low FG, wood aged, sour notes)
• brettanomyces
• spices
• smoke
• dry hopping
• pitched barrel

For commercial brews that go into the right direction I would try something like Uerige Sticke and Pinkus Alt.